نشریه علمی

توسعه و منظر راه(نقش توسعه بر تغییرات منظر راه، مورد مطالعه: شهر نطنز)

دوره 6، شماره 22
پاییز 1404
صفحه 30-41

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه معماری منظر، پژوهشکدۀ هنر، معماری و شهرسازی نظر، تهران، ایران

2 گروه معماری منظر، دانشکدۀ معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده
راه‌ها به‌عنوان یکی از عناصر اصلی ساختار منظر شهری، نقشی بنیادین در ادراک فضا، هویت شهری و کیفیت زندگی شهروندان ایفا می‌کنند. با این حال، توسعه‌های معاصر شهری در بسیاری از شهرهای ایران، از جمله نطنز، اغلب با نادیده‌گرفتن رویکرد کل‌نگر، منجر به تغییرات کالبدی و معنایی قابل‌توجهی در ساختار شهر شده‌اند. این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل تأثیر اقدامات توسعه‌ای راه‌ها بر منظر شهر نطنز، بر اساس سه مقیاس کلان (شبکۀ راه‌های بین‌شهری)، میانی (خیابان‌ها و محورهای اصلی) و خُرد (کوچه‌ها و مسیرهای محلی) انجام شده است. روش پژوهش کیفی و مبتنی‌بر رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی است و با اتکا به مطالعات اسنادی، تحلیل تطبیقی متون و مشاهدۀ میدانی، تغییرات منظرین شهر در گذر زمان بررسی شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که طرح‌های توسعه‌ای اخیر در نطنز، به‌ویژه احداث بلوارهای عریض و تعریض معابر، سبب گسست در پیوند تاریخی و فرهنگی شهر با شبکۀ راه‌های سنتی شده و از انسجام فضایی، هویت تاریخی و مفهوم باغشهری کاسته است. در سطح خُرد نیز، کوچه‌ها و مسیرهای ارگانیک تاریخی جای خود را به الگوهای هندسی و یکنواخت داده‌اند که موجب کاهش خوانایی، حس مکان و تعاملات اجتماعی گردیده است. در مجموع، نتایج حاکی از آن است که توسعۀ راه‌ها در نطنز، به‌رغم تسهیل جابه‌جایی، به گسست‌های کالبدی، بصری و ادراکی منجر شده است. پژوهش تأکید می‌کند که حفظ منظر راه‌ها به‌عنوان بخشی از میراث فرهنگی و هویت شهر، مستلزم نهادینه‌کردن رویکردی کل‌نگر در برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی شهری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Development and Road Landscape(The Role of Development on Road Landscape Changes, Case Study: Natanz City)

نویسندگان English

Maryam Majidi 1
Alireza Afzali 2
Soheila Jabbari 2
Mohammadreza Hamidifard 2
1 Department of Landscape Architecture, Nazar Research Center for Art, Architecture, and Urbanism, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Roads, as one of the main elements of the urban landscape structure, play a fundamental role in the perceptions of space, urban identity, and citizens’ quality of life. However, contemporary urban developments in many Iranian cities, including Natanz, have often overlooked a holistic approach, leading to significant physical and semantic changes in the city structure. This study aims to analyze the impact of road development measures on the landscape of Natanz on three scales: macroscale (intercity road network), mesoscale (streets and principal axes), and microscale (alleys and local paths). The research method is qualitative and based on a descriptive-analytical approach, and by relying on documentary studies, comparative analysis of texts, and field observation, changes in the city’s landscape over time have been examined. The findings show that recent development plans in Natanz, especially the construction of wide boulevards and the widening of passages, have caused a break in the city’s historical and cultural connection with the traditional road network and have reduced spatial coherence, historical identity, and the concept of a garden city. At the microscale, the historic alleys and organic paths have given way to geometric and uniform patterns that have reduced legibility, sense of place, and social interactions. Overall, the results indicate that the development of roads in Natanz, despite facilitating movement, has led to physical, visual, and perceptual breaks. The research emphasizes that preserving the road landscape as part of the city’s cultural heritage and identity requires institutionalizing a holistic approach in urban planning and design.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Urban Landscape
  • Landscape Changes
  • Development
  • Road
  • Natanz
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  • تاریخ دریافت 15 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 02 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 07 مهر 1404