Alami, R. (2009). Logic. Sherkat-e chap-o nashr-e ketabha-ye darsi [Iran Textbook Publishing Company].
Alimohammadi, M. (2019). Media guidance and audience recognition: multifaceted and challenging area. Art & Media Studies, 2(3), 57-85.
Barnes, T. J. & Duncan, J. S. (1992). Writing worlds discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape. Routledge. https://books.google.com/books?id=kbllAgAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright#v=onepage&q&f=false
Baudrillard, J. (2001). Mass media culture (S. Ahmadzadeh, Trans.). Arqavan, (19), 83-124. [in persian] (original work published 1970)
Bell, S. (2015). Landscape: Pattern, perception and process (B. Aminzadeh, Trans.). Tehran University Press. [in persian] (original work published 1999)
Bille, M. & Schwabe, S. (2023). The Atmospheric City. Routledge. https://books.google.com/books?id=D4-1EAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
Bonta, J. P. (1979). Architecture and Its Interpretation: A Study of Expressive Systems in Architecture. Rizzoli.
Burke, A. (2008). Landscape, place, history (M. Mansouri, Trans.). Bagh-e Nazar, 5(9), 81-90. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_714.html?lang=en [in persian] (original work published 1994)
Caprari, G., Castelli, G., Montuori, M., Camardelli, M. & Malvezzi, R. (2022). Digital Twin for Urban Planning in the Green Deal Era: A State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Sustainability, 14(10), 6263. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106263
Casey, B., Casey, N., Calvert, B., French, L. & Lewis, M. (2002). Television Studies: The Key Concepts. Routledge. https://books.google.com/books?id=_NIF12NhB2EC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Cicchirillo, V. J. (2020). The impact of video game character viewpoints and tasks on perceptions of cognitive and similarity identification. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 14(4). http://.doi.org/10.5817/CP2020-4-2
Delgrange, R., Burkhardt, J.-M. & Gyselinck, V. (2020). Exploring human behavior with Grand Theft Auto V: A study of assisted cognition in wayfinding. International Journal of Virtual Reality, 20(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.20870/IJVR.2020.20.1.3249
Deng, T., Zhang, K. & Shen, Z. (2021). A systematic review of a digital twin city: A new pattern of urban governance toward smart cities. Journal of Management Science and Engineering, 6(2), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmse.2021.03.003
Duncan, J. S. (1990). The city as text: the politics of landscape interpretation in the Kandyan kingdom. Cambridge University Press. https://books.google.com/books?id=BgfYVza_fzAC&printsec=copyright#v=onepage&q&f=false
Frith, J. (2019). Navigating Hybrid Urban Spaces: Smartphones and Locative Media Practices, In Z. Krajina & D. Stevenson (Eds.), The Routledge Companion to Urban Media and Communication. Routledge.
Hang, M. & van Weezel, A. (2007). Media and Entrepreneurship: What Do We Know and Where Should We Go? Journal of Media Business Studies, 4(1), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2007.11073446
Hemmati, M. & Saboonchi, P. (2021). Perceiver, perceived, perceptual product (evaluating experts’ interpretations of the components of ‘landscape’ definition). MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 13(56), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2021.273356.2115
Hemmati, M. (2022). The Metaverse: An urban revolution effect of the metaverse on the perceptions of urban audience. Tourism of Culture, 2(7), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.22034/toc.2022.323276.1067
Hemmati, M. (2024). Media unsustainability; The relationship between media representation and environmental sustainability (The semantic evolution of Hormoz Island). Bagh-e Nazar, 21(132), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2024.429446.5511
Hemmati, M., Mansouri, S. A. & Barati, N. (2022). Media as a tool to transform the urban landscape developing a conceptual model to influence the urban landscape with no physical intervention. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 14(58), 66-77. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2021.285737.2129 
Hjarvard, S. (2021). Mediatization of culture and society (S. M. Mehdizadeh et al., Trans.). Research Institute of Culture, Art and Communication of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. [in persian] (original work published 2013)
Inglis, F. (1998). Media theory: an introduction (M. Haghighat Kashani). Media Research, Studies and Assessment Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran. [in persian] (original work published 1990)
Jhally, S. (2007). STUART HALL, Representation & the Media. Media Education Foundation. 
Keramati Niaragh, E., Hemmati, M., Forouzandeh, M., Mansouri, S. A. & Rezaei, N. (2022). Landscape: A Holistic Approach to Space. In N. Rezaei  (Ed.), Transdisciplinarity, Integrated Science (Vol 15). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94651-7_19
Lai, C. S., Jia, Y., Dong, Z., Wang, D., Tao, Y., Lai, Q. H., Wong, T. K. R., Zobaa, A. F., Wu R. & Lai. L. L. (2020). A Review of Technical Standards for Smart Cities. Clean Technologies, 2(3), 290-310. https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol2030019
Lister, M., Dovey, J., Giddings, S., Grant, I. & Kelly, K. (2009). New media a critical introduction. Routledge. https://books.google.com/books?id=i0N8AgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Littlejohn, S.W. (2004). Theories of human communication (M. Noorbakhsh & S.A. Mirhosseini, Trans.). Jangal. [in persian] (original work published 1978)
Lule, J. (2012). Globalization and Media: Global Village of Babel. Rowman & Littlefield publishers. https://books.google.com/books?id=aDnEeac-p0EC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Mansouri, S. A. (2010). Chisti-e manzar-e shahri [The quiddity of the urban landscape]. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 2(9), 30-33. https://www.manzar-sj.com/article_405.html?lang=fa
Mansouri, S. A. (2011). Manzar-e shahri, mo’alefe-haye kamy va shaakhes-haye hedaayat va kontrol-e asnad-e fanni. Majmueh-ye maqaaleh-haye hamaayesh-e melli-ye manzar-e shahri. [Urban landscape, quantitative components and indicators of guidance and control of technical documents]. In Proceedings of the National Urban Landscape Conference (Vol 3). Zibasazi Organization.
Masnavi, M. R., Motedayen, H., Saboonchi, P. & Hemmati, M. (2021). Analyses of landscape concept and landscape approach from theoretical to operational levels: A Review of Literature. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 13(57), 22-37. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2021.283818.2128
McLuhan, H. M. (2017). Understanding media (S. Azari, Trans.). Media Research, Studies and Assessment Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran. [in persian] (original work published 1964)
Mehdizadeh, S. M. (2021). Nazariyeha-ye resane, andisheha-ye rayej va didgahha-ye enteghadi [Media theories, popular ideas and critical perspectives]. Hamshahri.
Merleau-Ponty, M. (2021). World of perception (F. Jabralansar, Trans.). Qoqnoos. [in persian] (original work published 2005)
Merrin, W. (1994). Uncritical criticism? Norris, Baudrillard and the Gulf War. Economy and Society. 23(4), 433-458. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085149400000019
Nayar, P. H. (2014). An introduction to new media and virtual culture (S. Ameli & G. Mirani, Trans.). Center for Research and Evaluation of Broadcasting Opnions. [in persian] (original work published 2010)
Negri, E., Fumagalli, L. & Macchi, M. (2017). A Review of the Roles of Digital Twin in CPS-based Production Systems. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 939-948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.198.
Ning, H., Wang, H., Lin, Y., Wang, W., Dhelim, S., Farha, F. & Daneshmand, M. (2021). A Survey on Metaverse: the State-of-the-art, Technologies, Applications, and Challenges. arXiv preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2111.09673
Rabeei, A. & Ahmadzadeh Namvar, F. (2017). Media Representation Theory and the Analysis of the Public Opinion of Americans and Iranians about each other. Danesh-e Siyasi, 4(8), 37-62. https://doi.org/10.30497/pk.2009.30
Schrotter, G. & Hürzeler, C. (2020). The Digital Twin of the City of Zurich for Urban Planning. PFG- Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science, 88, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-020-00092-2
Severin, W. J. & Tankard, J. W. (2012). Communication theories (A. Dehghan, Trans.). University of Tehran. [in persian] (original work published 1979)
Shahcheraghi, A. & Bandarabad, A. (2021). Environed in environment: application of environmental psychology in architecture and urban planning. Tehran Academic Jahad Organization.
Shi, J., Boak, A., Mann, R. & Turner, N. E. (2019) Adolescent Problem Video Gaming in Urban and Non-urban Regions. Internatioanl Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, 17, 817–827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9872-1
Singh, M., Fuenmayor, E., Hinchy, E.P., Qiao, Y., Murray, N. & Devine, D. (2021). Digital Twin: Origin to future. Applied System Innovation, 4(2), 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/asi4020036
Stevenson, N. (2003). Kulak Baudrillard: Postmodernity, communication, and symbolic exchange (P. Yazdanjou, Trans.). Media, 15(1), 197-244. [in persian] (original work published 2002)
Swaffield, S. (2015). Theory in landscape architecture: A reader (M. Faizi, Trans.). Shahid Rajaee Tarbiat University. [in persian] (original work published 2002)
The Chicago School of Media Theory. (n.d.). Postal system. Retrieved October 17, 2022 from https://www.bernays.hr/Home/Page/en-US?name=who-is-edward-bernaise.
Thien, D. (2005). After or beyond feeling? A consideration of affect and emotion in geography. Area, 37(4), 450-456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4762.2005.00643a.x
VanDerHorn, E. & Mahadevan, S. (2021). Digital Twin: Generalization, characterization and implementation. Decision Support Systems, 145, 113524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2021.113524
Weil, C., Bibri, S. E., Longchamp, R., Golay, F. & Alahi, A. (2023). Urban Digital Twin Challenges: A Systematic Review and Perspectives for Sustainable Smart Cities. Sustainable Cities and Society, 99, 104862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.104862