Explanation of the Factors Affecting Users’ Cognitive Maps in Passenger Terminals (Case Study: Terminal of Imam Khomeini International Airport)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Architecture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Department of Architecture, Eslamabad-e Gharb Branch, Islamic Azad University, Eslamabad-e Gharb, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor Department of Architecture, Eslamabad-e Gharb Branch, Islamic Azad University, Eslamabad-e Gharb, Iran

Abstract

| Knowledge of the surroundings as a factor affecting the quality of the mental image plays an important role in navigation by users of airport terminals. However, disregarding the effects of the components on the quality of users’ perception of such places’ design has affected the relationship between users and these places. This study was conducted to answer the following questions: What is the effectiveness of components of the mental image and cognitive map on the optimum navigation by airport terminal users? What are the type and extent of the relationship between these components on the quality of navigation of the users of such places? Explanation of the factors affecting the formation and strengthening of the mental image with a focus on increasing the user quality was the main objective of this study, and making it easier to route public spaces was another objective. To achieve the research objectives, a quantitative strategy was used, relying on library and field studies. Qualitative data were collected based on the study of written references on the perception of the environment, mental images, and cognitive maps, and quantitative data were obtained from a field survey using a questionnaire in the study area. The study results showed that for the ranking, the frame (body), legibility (readability), search for meaning, and attractiveness have been the most effective on the cognitive map, respectively.

Keywords

References

Appleyard, D. (1970). Styles and methods of structuring a city. Environment and Behavior, 2(1), 100-117.
Asadpour, A., Barzegar, P. & Keshavarzi, N. (2017). The Children’s Mental Images from Urban Street Landscape. Motaleat-e Shahri, 6(24), 27-40.
Asadpour, A., Faizi, M., Mozaaffar, F., & Behzadfar, M. (2015). Typology of models and comparative study of methods in recording mental images and cognitive maps from the environment. Bagh-e Nazar, 12(33), 13-22.
Azmoon, F., & Moeini, M. (2018). Spatial quality analysis of Kerman Shahzadeh Mahan Garden based on the theory of motion and evaluation of the audiences’ mental image. Architectural and Environmental Reasearch, 1(1), 27-40.
Bahraini, S. H. (2003). Urban design process. Tehran: Tehran University Printing and Publishing Institute
Bahrainy, S. H. (2003). Urban design process. Tehran: Tehran University Printing and Publishing Institute.
Balali Oskoyi, A., Gharehbaglou, M., & Heydariturkmani, M. (2019). Analyzing the role of mental images in producing the sense of belonging to the neighborhoods, case study: Shotorban neighborhood of Tabriz. Geography (Regional Planning), 9(1), 207-228.
Chen, J. L., & Stanney, K. M. (1999). A theoretical model of wayfinding in virtual environments: Proposed strategies for navigational aiding. Presence, 8(6), 671-685.
 
Downs, R. M., & Stea, D. (1973). Cognitive maps and spatial behavior: Process and products Image and Environment. Retrieved Jan 2, 2022, from https://urban-emotions.ru.uni-kl.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2015/04/Downs-Stea-2011-Cognitive-maps-and-spatial-behavior.pdf
Fenster, T. (2009). C). Cognitive temporal mapping: The three steps method in urban planning. Planning Theory & Practice, 10(4), 479-498.
Falamaki. (2002). Theoretical Origins and Thendencies of Architecture. Tehran: Faza.
Gartner, W. (1996). Tourism Development: Principles, Policies, and Policies. New York: Van Nostram Reinhold. Gallarza, MG, Gil SI, Calderon GH (2002) Destination Image: Towards a Conceptual Framework. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 56-78.
Ghoraba, N., & Tabibian, M. (2017). Developing an Applied Model for Explaining the Mental Structure of Cognitive Maps of People through Spatial-Morphological Analysis of Existing Urban Textures, Case Study: Historical Texture of Kerman. Bagh-e Nazar, 14(54), 33-46.
Golestani, N., Roshan, M., & Sheibani, M. (2015). Significant similarity between behavior-place and method of urban behavior evaluation for redesign of urban spaces and furniture.‏ Urban Management, 14(38), 241-272.
Kara, B. (2013). Landscape design and cognitive psychology. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, (82), 288-291.
Hölscher, C., Meilinger, T., Vrachliotis, G., Brösamle, M. & Knauff, M. (2004). Finding the way inside: Linking architectural design analysis and cognitive processes. Paper presented at the International conference on spatial cognition.
Heidari, A., & Farhady, M. (2018). Analysis of the relationship between the computer modeling the space syntax software and the cognitive maps in recognition of sociability behavioral camps (Faculty of Architecture at the University of Bu Ali Sina and shahid Beheshti University). Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Memari Va Shahrsazi, 23(2), 17-30.‏
Hoseledar Saber, R., Safari, H., Asadi, F., & Akbari Gavabari, B. (2021). Investigation and analysis of physical factors affecting children’s mental map of educational environments (Case study: Second grade of primary schools in Rasht). Haft Hesar, 10(37), 51-64.‏
Kitchin, R. M. (1994). Cognitive maps: What are they and why study them? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 14(1), 1-19
Long, Y. (2007). The relationships between objective and subjective evaluations of the urban environment: Space syntax, cognitve maps, and urban legibility. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. North Carolina State University, USA.
Lawton, C. A., & Kallai, J. (2002). Gender differences in wayfinding strategies and anxiety about wayfinding: A cross-cultural comparison. Sex Roles, 47(9), 389-401.
Luque-Martinez, T., Del Barrio-García, S., Ibanez-Zapata, J. A. & Molina, M. Á. R. (2007). Modeling a city’s image: The case of Granada. Cities, 24(5), 335-352.‏
Naghizadeh, M. (2007). Perception of Beauty & Identity of City (in the Light of Islamic Thought). Isfahan: Cultural Recreational Organization of Isfahan Municipality.‏
Nasar, J. L. (2014). The evaluative image of the city. Tehran: Armanshahr Publishing House.
Neisser, U. (1976). Cognition and reality. San Francisco: VV H. Freeman.
Nazif, H., & Motalebi, G. (2019). Developing a Conceptual Model of Legibility Relying on Mental Imagination. Bagh-e Nazar, 16(78), 69-76.
Pakzad, J. & Bozorg, H. (2014). An introduction to environmental psychology for designers. Tehran: Armanshahr.
Pocock, D. & Hudson, R. (1978). Image of the urban environment. Columbia University Press.
Roberts, J. L. (2003). Place Perception, Cognitive Maps, and Mass Media: The Interrelationship Between Visual Popular Culture and Regional Mental Mapping. Retrieved 3 Jan, 2022, from https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/33020.
Rahimian, M., (2004). Cinema: Architecture in motion. Tehran: Soroush.
Sohrabian, G. &, F. (2016). Aesthetics component of urban night scape. Urban And Rural Management, 14 (41), 187-204.
Schlender, D., Peters, O. H., & Wienhöfer, M. (2000). The effects of maps and textual information on navigation in a desktop virtual environment. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 2(4), 421-433.
Sheikh Asadi, F., Kazemzadeh, M. & Hashem Nejad, H. (2017). The Effective Organizing Principles on Mental Images of Spectator in Shahzade Garden (Kerman). Armanshahr, 9(17), 79-90.‏
Tayyebi, A., & Zekavat, K. (2017). Exploring Iranian Tourists’ Image of Isfahan using Grounded Theory. Soffeh, 27(2), 63-78.
Zeile, P., Resch, B., Exner, J.-P., & Sagl, G. (2015). Urban emotions: benefits and risks in using human sensory assessment for the extraction of contextual emotion information. Cham: Springer.
Vaez, S., Burke, M., & Alizadeh, T. (2016). Urban form and wayfinding: Review of cognitive and spatial knowledge for individuals’ navigation. Paper presented at the Australasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 38th, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Tourism of Culture
Volume 3, Issue 11
February 2023
Pages 18-29

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 08 November 2022
  • Revise Date: 27 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 31 December 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics