Designing a Model for Cultural Tourism Development with the Iranian Regional Music Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Management and Cultural Planning, Islamic Azad University, South Branch, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student of Management and Cultural Planning, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Iran.

Abstract

In order to understand the culture of the hosting community, one can use the regional music because it is very similar to the culture of that community. Attracting tourists based on folk music due to ethnic diversity in Iran seems to be a good solution, but it has not been considered as it is worthy. The issue of interest is how Iranian folk music can be fruitful in attracting cultural tourists. This research uses structuralist grounded theory method to study this type of music according to the attraction of cultural tourists. Data was collected through interviews, observation, online observation and collection of documents and texts within the framework of the grounded theory method and by purposeful sampling. Non-random face and selection of samples were in line with the purpose of the study. The number of samples was not known from the beginning and continued during data analysis until theoretical saturation was achieved. In this regard, interviews were conducted with Iranian regional music experts. The data obtained from interviews with experts and elites were coded (open, axial and selective) using NVIVO software and 37 concepts and 6 categories were taken out and “becoming a cultural attraction” became the central category and finally, with the paradigm model, the theory was presented. “Unawareness” and “understanding and infrastructure problems” are intervening factors. Designing events focused on folk music, joint festivals with other countries that share the same language due to cultural similarities, performing regional music in public places and designing travel packages with regional music approach are methods of developing music tourism.

Keywords


Ashtari, B. (1992). Mosighi va Turkmen [Music and Turkmen]. Proceedings of the first anthropological conference. Tehran: Iran Cultural Heritage Organization.
Ashrafi Rizie, H. & Kazemi, Z. (2012). Ketabkhane va gardeshgari-ye farhangi forsati bray-e tosee-ye khadamat va etelaresani [Library and Cultural Tourism, An Opportunity to Develop Tehran’s Information Services]. Tehran:  Chapar.
Afshari, M. (2020). Gardeshgariy-e mosighi , mafahim va potansiyel-ha [Music tourism, concepts and potentials]. Tehran: 7th National Conference on Modern Studies and Research in the Field of Humanities, Management and Entrepreneurship in Iran.
Alvani, M. & Dehdashti Shahrokh, Z. (1994). osol va mabani-ye jahangardi [Principles and Principles of Tourism,] Tehran, 1st Edition, Mostazafan and Janbazan Foundation Publications.
Bachleitner, R. (1999). Cultural Tourism in Rural communities, Journal of Business Research, 44( 3), 199-209.
Cooper , C. (2003). Music and Tourism. Australia: University of Queensland.
Darvishi, M. R. (1999). Music and trance the…. Tehran: Mahoor Cultural Institute.
Fazeli, M. (2007). Sociology of Music Consumption. Institute of Arts and Communications, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. Tehran: Annual Scientific-Specialized Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Urban Planning and Geography in Ancient and Contemporary Iran.
Farrokhnia, R. & Mohammadi, E. (2010). Central themes in ethnic musicology of Iranian Kurds. Journal of Fine Arts- Performing Arts and Music, (4), 27-38.
Faghfoor Maghribi, Hamid (2007). A study of music and its criteria in Islam. Honar-ha-ye ziba, (31),121-139.
• Imani Khoshkhoo, M. & Rastgoo, N. (2018). Tourism based on the Traditional Music: Instrument, Goal or Destination Management Tool. Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient, 7(23), 49-56.
• Jahanian, M., Gharakhlu, M. & Zandi, E. (2010). Introduction to national solidarity with emphasis on the components of culture and tourism. Journal of Human Geography, 2(3), 109-123.
Janeczko,B., Mules,T. & Ritchie, B. (2002). Estimating the economic impacts of festivals and events : a research guide. Cooperative Research center for Sustainable Tourism. Australia: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.
Johnson, H. (2002). Balinese Music, Tourism and Globalisation, New Zealand: University of otago.
Khaksar, A.  (2009). Musical reformation, review and criticism of Iranian traditional music with an approach to Iranian musical tradition in the contemporary era. Journal of Sociology of Art and Literature, 1(1), 159- 176.
Karroubi, M. (2007). Farhang-e ghimi sarmaye farhangi va sanat-e gardeshgari  [Ethnic culture cultural capital and tourism industry]. Journal of Social Welfare, 7 (28), 309-324.
Koosheshtabar, M. (2008). Sanat-e gardeshgari abzari baray-e tosee-ye paydar dar modiriyat-e shahri [Tourism industry as a tool for sustainable development in urban management: Cultural], Tehran: information and press institute of municipalities and rural organizations of the country.
Kruger, S. & Trandafoiu, R. (2014). The Globalization of musics in transit music migration and tourism. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Dancecult: RMIT University.
Leaver, D. &  Schemidt, R.A. (2009). Before they were famous: music-based tourism & a musician’s hometown roots. Journal of Place management and development, 2(3),220-229.
Lynch, Ma. F., Duinker, P. N., Sheehan, L. R & Chute, J. E. (2011). The Demand for Mikmaw cultural tourism. Tourist Perspectives, Tourism Management ,(32),539-556.
Mousavi, M. N., Jalaliyan, E. & Bagheri Kahkooli, A. (2014). The role of culturally significant artifacts at development urban tourism in Cities of Persian Gulf with emphasis on music (Case Study: bushehr), Scientific-Cultural Tourism Center of Iranian Students, Tehran. 11-35.
Mohammadi, M., Azimi, M., Moghadam, A. & Rafieian, M. (2012). Urban public spaces, realization of social interactions in historical contexts. Journal of Science and Research,3(4),15-28.
Moradi, M. (2003). Mosighi va farhang-e torkaman[Turkman Music and Culture].Journal of Anthropology, 2(3),13-30.
Motahari Emami, M. (2002). Noor-E-Khayal, Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Arts, (3),15.
Mahdavinejad, M. J. (2004). Leading music grammar and studying the relationship between spiritual music, Iranian culture and Islamic mysticism. Honar-ha-ya ziba,2(3), 13-20.
Nili, Z. (2011). Tourists, listen to the music bells of the regions. JameJam newspaper, , No. 5884, Monday, March 25, 2017.
Pour Ahmad, A., Hosseini, A., Oruji, H. & Alizadeh, M. (2013). The Priority of Measuring the Strategies for Development of Cultural Tourism in Alamut, Qazvin. Journal of Human Geography Research, 4 (3), 1-17.
Rahkani, S. (1998).Tarikh-emosighiy-e Iran [History of Iranian Music]. Tehran: Pishro Publications.
Rafiei, Y. & Mirzaei, R. (2018). Eraee-ye model-e tosee-ye gardeshgari-ye mosighi-ye maghami dar iran bar mabnaye roykard-e gerandd teori [Presenting a model for the development of maqam music tourism in Iran based on the grounded theory approach],Sociology of Social Institutions, 5 (11), 175-195.
Rafieian, M. & Bemaniyan, M. R. (2010). Identifying the zoning areas of creative development of worn-out textures with tourism approach in urban planning. Journal of Urban Management, 8(25),235-257.
Rezvani, A. A. (1995). Joghrafiya va sanat-e  tourism [Geography and Tourism Industry]. Tehran: Payame Noor University.
Samim, R. (2013). The Construction of the Subject in the Process of Popular Culture Consumption. Journal of Cultural Research, 6(1),23-53.
Smith, M. & Richards, G. (2013). The Routledge hand book of Cultural Tourism. London: Routledge.
Smith Peters, J. (1992). Introduction to Music Therapy (A. Mohammadi, Trans.) Tehran: Asrar Danesh Publications.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of qualitative research (B. Mohammadi, Trans.).Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
Tavakoli, B. (2007). Negahi be nazariyat-e mokhtalef-r mosighiy-e Irani  [A look at the different theories of Iranian music], culture and song(19), 42.
Zandbaf, H. (2009). Tarikh va farhang-e mosighi  [History and culture of world music]. Tehran: Music Center, Art Seminary. First Printing.
Ziari, K. & Sadeghi, M. (2011). Mosighi va gardeshgari nemoney-e moredi mosighiy-e sonata-ye jazire-ye kish [Music and Tourism Case Model of Traditional Music of Qeshm Island], Qeshm National Conference and Future Prospects.